Stobart VK M-Sport Ford driver Henning Solberg is occupying a strong position at the end of Day 1 of Neste Oil Rally Finland, the ninth round of the FIA World Rally Championship, moving up to sixth place after ten stages of fast-paced action around the Finnish lakes and forests. Team mate Matthew Wilson, meanwhile, is also well-placed to move into a points-scoring position, lying in tenth place overnight and locked in a battle with Citroen Junior driver Sebastien Ogier who is just 3.5 seconds ahead of the young Brit.
After the traditional opening Super Special Stage at the Killeri trotting track last night, 90 crews headed north-west of the Rally HQ in Jyväskylä to take on two passes of a four-stage loop over the famed Finnish forest roads. Ultra high-speeds tested the drivers’ bravery as well as their skill, and the throngs of fans out on the stages were thrilled by the spectacular jumps.
Planet-hunters set for big bounty
Rocky planets, possibly with conditions suitable for life, may be more common than previously thought in our galaxy, a study has found.
New evidence suggests more than half the Sun-like stars in the Milky Way could have similar planetary systems.
There may also be hundreds of undiscovered worlds in outer parts of our Solar System, astronomers believe.
Future studies of such worlds will radically alter our understanding of how planets are formed, they say.
New findings about planets were presented at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in Boston.
Nasa telescope
Michael Meyer, an astronomer from the University of Arizona, said he believed Earth-like planets were probably very common around Sun-like stars.
“Our observations suggest that between 20% and 60% of Sun-like stars have evidence for the formation of rocky planets not unlike the processes we think led to planet Earth,” he said. “That is very exciting.”
Mr Meyer’s team used the US space agency’s Spitzer space telescope to look at groups of stars with masses similar to the Sun.
They detected discs of cosmic dust around stars in some of the youngest groups surveyed.
The dust is believed to be a by-product of rocky debris colliding and merging to form planets.
Nasa’s Kepler mission to search for Earth-sized and smaller planets, due to be launched next year, is expected to reveal more clues about these distant undiscovered worlds.
Frozen worlds
Some astronomers believe there may be hundreds of small rocky bodies in the outer edges of our own Solar System, and perhaps even a handful of frozen Earth-sized worlds.
Speaking at the AAAS meeting, Nasa’s Alan Stern said he thought only the tip of the iceberg had been found in terms of planets within our own Solar System.
More than a thousand objects had already been discovered in the Kuiper belt alone, he said, many rivalling the planet Pluto in size.
“Our old view, that the Solar System had nine planets will be supplanted by a view that there are hundreds if not thousands of planets in our Solar System,” he told BBC News.
He said many of these planets would be icy, some would be rocky, and there might even be objects with the same mass as Earth.
“It could be that there are objects of Earth-mass in the Oort cloud (a band of debris surrounding our planetary system) but they would be frozen at these distances,” Dr Stern added.
“They would look like a frozen Earth.”
Goldilocks zone
Excitement about finding other Earth-like planets is driven by the idea that some might contain life or perhaps, centuries from now, allow human colonies to be set up on them.
The key to this search, said Debra Fischer of San Francisco State University, California, was the “Goldilocks zone”.
This refers to an area of space in which a planet is “just the right distance” from its parent star so that its surface is not-too-hot or not-too-cold to support liquid water.
“To my mind there are two things we have to go after: we have to find the right mass planet and it has to be at the right distance from the star,” she said.
The AAAS meeting concludes on Monday.
via bbc
Planet hunters find ’super-Earth’
Planet hunters have discovered an icy “super-Earth” circling a distant star.
International astronomers suspect it is a bare, icy, rocky world, much colder than the Earth and 13 times its mass.
The planet was spotted last April but details have only just been revealed in a paper submitted to Astrophysical Journal Letters.
The extra-solar planet is one of a mere handful detected using a novel technique called microlensing.
The planet orbits a star about half as big as our Sun, positioned some 9,000 light-years away. At -201C, it is one of the coldest extra-solar planets to be discovered.
Andrew Gould, professor of astronomy at Ohio State University, US, was one of the first people to discover it.
He said the find has two main implications.
“First, this icy ’super-Earth’ dominates the region around its star that in our Solar System is populated by the gas-giant planets, Jupiter and Saturn,” he said.
“We’ve never seen a system like this before because we’ve never had the means to find them.
“And second, these icy ’super-Earths’ are pretty common. Roughly, 35% of all stars have them.”
Brightening effect
Professor Gould is leader of the Microlensing Follow-up Network (MicroFUN) collaboration.
It is one of several international groups looking for Earth-like planets in planetary systems other than our own using the phenomenon called gravitational microlensing.
The technique is an indirect way of obtaining information about large celestial objects that are too dim to see.
When a massive object such as a star crosses the path of a background star, it acts like a powerful lens, gravitationally bending and magnifying the light rays from the more distant star.
The object’s gravity amplifies the starlight, causing it to brighten as the body passes in front of the star.
This can be observed by telescopes on Earth as a brightening and fading effect, as the lens star floats across the face of the background star.
Neptune-mass
Clues to the presence of the planet were first seen last April by a Polish astronomy project led by Professor Andrzej Udalski from Warsaw University.
When Gould and Udalski realised the star was brightening extremely quickly one night, they alerted the duty astronomer at the MDM Observatory in Arizona.
“It was four in the morning,” Gould recalled, “I was very excited and frantic to get someone to observe that star.”
Astronomers in Arizona took more than 1,000 measurements of the event, which, coupled with software models, confirmed the presence of a Neptune-mass planet, 13 times heavier than Earth.
Gould suspects the planet is a bare, icy Earth-like one, a sort of cold “super-Earth”, although he cannot be certain.
“We can’t really tell for sure,” he said. “If we start getting more statistics on this type of planet, we could piece together a better story.”
Extraterrestrial life
Since the 1990s, astronomers have discovered some 170 extra-solar, or exoplanets, a planet which orbits a star other than the Sun.
There is great interest in finding extrasolar planets that are like the Earth, since these could, in theory, have the right conditions for supporting life.
In January, a new planet 5.5 times the mass of the Earth - the smallest yet - became the third exoplanet to be detected by the microlensing technique.
Tim Naylor, professor of astrophysics at Exeter University, UK, said microlensing had great promise for the future.
“It holds out the promise that we will discover many Earth-sized planets with this technique,” he told the BBC News website.
via bbc
Archaeologist ‘Strikes Gold’ With Finds Of Ancient Nasca Iron Ore Mine In Peru
A Purdue University archaeologist discovered an intact ancient iron ore mine in South America that shows how civilizations before the Inca Empire were mining this valuable ore
“Archaeologists know people in the Old and New worlds have mined minerals for thousands and thousands of years,” said Kevin J. Vaughn, an assistant professor of anthropology who studies the Nasca civilization, which existed from A.D. 1 to A.D. 750. “Iron mining in the Old World, specifically in Africa, goes back 40,000 years. And we know the ancient people in Mexico, Central America and North America were mining for various materials. There isn’t much evidence for these types of mines.
“What we found is the only hematite mine, a type of iron also known as ochre, recorded in South America prior to the Spanish conquest. This discovery demonstrates that iron ores were important to ancient Andean civilizations.”
In 2004 and 2005, Vaughn and his team excavated Mina Primavera, which is located in the Ingenio Valley of the Andes Mountains in southern Peru. The research team performed field checks and collected some samples in 2006 and 2007.
The researchers determined that the mine is a human-made cave that was first created around 2,000 years ago. An estimated 3,710 metric tons was extracted from the mine during more than 1,400 years of use. The mine, which is nearly 700 cubic meters, is in a cliffside facing a modern ochre mine.
Vaughn hypothesizes that the Nasca people used the red-pigmented mineral primarily for ceramic paints, but they also could have used it as body paint, to paint textiles and even to paint adobe walls. The Nasca civilization is known for hundreds of drawings in the Nasca Desert, which are known as the Nasca-Lines and can only be seen from the air, and for an aqueduct system that is still used today.
Vaughn and his team discovered a number of artifacts in the mine, including corncobs, stone tools, and pieces of textiles and pottery. The age of the items was determined by radiocarbon dating, a process that determines age based on the decay of naturally occurring elements.
“Archaeologists have a very good sequence of pottery from this region, so I can look at most pots from this region and determine a date within a century that is based on stylistic changes of the pottery,” Vaughn said. “Even before the dating, we knew this was an ancient mine because of the ceramic pieces. These very small fragments, about the size of a penny, had distinct designs on them that are characteristic of the early Nasca civilization.”
The artifacts from the excavation are being curated by the Instituto Nacional de Cultura of Peru at its museum in Ica, Peru.
Now that there is archaeological evidence that ancient cultures in the Andes were mining iron ore, it is important to give credit to New World civilizations, Vaughn said.
“Even though ancient Andean people smelted some metals, such as copper, they never smelted iron like they did in the Old World,” he said. “Metals were used for a variety of tools in the Old World, such as weapons, while in the Americas, metals were used as prestige goods for the wealthy elite.”
This excavation was part of Vaughn’s Early Nasca Craft Economy Project, a multiyear National Science Foundation-funded study of Nasca ceramic production and distribution. The project’s goal is to better understand the origins of inequality and political economy in this ancient culture.
Vaughn says material scientists and engineers, as well as mineralogists, will be interested in this discovery.
“This study of mining is a great example of how archaeology bridges the social and physical sciences,” he said.
The National Science Foundation and the Heinz Foundation funded the Mina Primavera excavation. Next, Vaughn will be excavating a habitation site that has a 4,000-year occupation in hopes of understanding the long-term settlement history of the region.
“I hope to continue surveying for mines and mining-related sites in the region, and hopefully undertake additional excavations at the mine,” he said.
The findings of the excavation are published in December’s Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.
by Purdue University
Pirate Bay Says It Can’t Be Sunk, Servers Scattered Worldwide
The world’s most notorious BitTorrent tracking site, The Pirate Bay, won’t be going to Davy Jones’ Locker, even if its four operators are convicted of facilitating copyright infringement, one of the defendants said in an interview Friday with THREAT LEVEL.
Peter Sunde Kolmisoppi, one of the four Swedes charged in Sweden on Thursday, said in a telephone interview that the site has set up a clandestine, double-blind operation with its servers spread throughout the world — and out of reach of the Swedish authorities.
“The Pirate Bay is not in Sweden,” the 29-year-old Kolmisoppi said.
Where are the servers?
“It’s a distributed system. We don’t know where the servers are. We gave them to people we trust and they don’t know it’s The Pirate Bay,” Kolmisoppi said. “They then rent locations and space for them somewhere else. It could be three countries. It could be six countries. We don’t want to know because then you’ll have a problem shutting them down.”
The Pirate Bay allows users to search for and access indexed torrents, which contain the information needed to download data containing copyright-infringing content like movies, music, software and other material from users of the service. The Bay, he said, operates like the search engine Google, which also points the way to copyrighted works on the internet.
“We’re just a general-purpose search engine and torrent-tracking system. You can put whatever you want on the Pirate Bay,” Kolmisoppi said. “We don’t participate in how the people communicate with each other. We only participate in bringing the possibility to communicate and share files.”
The Bay has been on the entertainment industry’s and police authorities’ watchlists for years.
In June, 2006, a police raid shuttered it for three days after the authorities confiscated its servers, which were later moved. The raid sparked street protests in Sweden, and garnered the site an international presence after the mainstream media began reporting on it.
The four charged in Stockholm are Hans Fredrik Neij, Per Svartholm Warg, Carl Lundstroem and Kolmisoppi. According to charges lodged in Stockholm, the four are accused of “promoting other people’s infringements of copyright laws.”
“I think they’re lame,” he said of the charges.
Prosecutor Hakan Roswall was not immediately available for comment.
None of the defendants, Kolmisoppi said, have prior convictions, meaning even if they are convicted, they won’t likely be jailed for the two years the charges potentially carry.
“As a worse-case scenario for us, we get a fine,” Kolmisoppi said. “They can say we have to shut down the site, don’t host it in Sweden. But they can’t say it won’t be accessible in Sweden or anywhere. They can’t do anything about it, no matter what happens.”
He also disputes that the company is generating millions in profit, as the authorities allege.
“It’s so stupid to say we’re making a profit,” he said “We’re spending hours and hours of our own time to do this. If we were making millions, we wouldn’t have day jobs. And even if we did make millions, it would not change the fact that this is not illegal.”
Kolmissoppi said his day job is “developing a micro payment system.”
No court date has been set.
by wired
Reference: The Pirate Bay (often abbreviated TPB) is an Internet site that bills itself as “the world’s largest BitTorrent tracker” and also serves as an index for .torrent files that it tracks. ThePirateBay.org is ranked 154 (as of January 20, 2008) in the Alexa ranking list and ranked 258 (as of February 1, 2008) by Quantcast.
The Pirate Bay was started by the Swedish anti-copyright organization Piratbyr?n (’The Pirate Bureau’) in early 2004, but since October 2004 it has been a separate organization. The site is currently run by Gottfrid Svartholm (”anakata”), Fredrik Neij (”TiAMO”) and Peter Sunde (”brokep”).
On May 31, 2006, the site’s servers, located in Stockholm, were raided by Swedish police, causing it to be offline for three days. Later it came online with new hosting in the Netherlands – The Pirate Bay has since taken measures to ensure a restoration time of hours rather than days. On June 14, 2006 the Swedish newspaper SvD reported that The Pirate Bay was back in Sweden due to “pressure from the Department of Justice [in the Netherlands].” Upon reopening, the site’s number of visitors doubled, the increased popularity attributed to greater exposure through the recent media coverage. This has in turn increased the advertising revenues to the founders Gottfrid Svartholm and Fredrik Neij. According to speculations by Swedish newspaper SvD, the advertisements generated about 75,000 USD per month directly after the raid.
The raid, alleged to be politically motivated and under pressure from the MPAA, was reported as a success by the MPAA in the immediate aftermath, but with the site being restored within days and the raising of the debate in Swedish culture, The Pirate Bay and other commentators considered it “highly unsuccessful”.
Swedish prosecutors have announced that charges will be filed before the end of January 2008 against five individuals concerned.
On January 31, 2008, Swedish prosecutors filed charges against four of the individuals behind The Pirate Bay.
A large U.S. spy satellite has lost power and could hit the Earth in late February or March, government officials said Saturday.
The satellite, which no longer can be controlled, could contain hazardous materials, and it is unknown where on the planet it might come down, they said. The officials spoke on condition of anonymity because the information is classified as secret.
“Appropriate government agencies are monitoring the situation,” said Gordon Johndroe, a spokesman for the National Security Council, when asked about the situation after it was disclosed by other officials. “Numerous satellites over the years have come out of orbit and fallen harmlessly. We are looking at potential options to mitigate any possible damage this satellite may cause.”
He would not comment on whether it is possible for the satellite to be perhaps shot down by a missile. He said it would be inappropriate to discuss any specifics at this time.
A senior government official said that lawmakers and other nations are being kept apprised of the situation.
Such an uncontrolled re-entry could risk exposure of U.S. secrets, said John Pike, a defense and intelligence expert. Spy satellites typically are disposed of through a controlled re-entry into the ocean so that no one else can access the spacecraft, he said.
Pike also said it’s not likely the threat from the satellite could be eliminated by shooting it down with a missile, because that would create debris that would then re-enter the atmosphere and burn up or hit the ground.
Pike, director of the defense research group GlobalSecurity.org, estimated that the spacecraft weighs about 20,000 pounds and is the size of a small bus. He said the satellite would create 10 times less debris than the Columbia space shuttle crash in 2003.
As for possible hazardous material in the spacecraft, Pike said it might contain beryllium, a light metal with a high melting point that is used in the defense and aerospace industries. Breathing beryllium can lead to chronic, incurable respiratory problems.
Jeffrey Richelson, a senior fellow with the National Security Archive, said the spacecraft likely is a photo reconnaissance satellite. Such eyes in the sky are used to gather visual information from space about adversarial governments and terror groups, including construction at suspected nuclear sites or militant training camps. The satellites also can be used to survey damage from hurricanes, fires and other natural disasters.
The largest uncontrolled re-entry by a NASA spacecraft was Skylab, the 78-ton abandoned space station that fell from orbit in 1979. Its debris dropped harmlessly into the Indian Ocean and across a remote section of western Australia.
In 2000, NASA engineers successfully directed a safe de-orbit of the 17-ton Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, using rockets aboard the satellite to bring it down in a remote part of the Pacific Ocean.
In 2002, officials believe debris from a 7,000-pound science satellite smacked into the Earth’s atmosphere and rained down over the Persian Gulf, a few thousand miles from where they first predicted it would plummet.
by Associated Press
Charles Baldwin, a retired environmental-health engineer, explains his role in developing the biohazard symbol, which is now showing up everywhere.
I was working with the Dow Chemical company at the time, in 1966, developing containment systems for the Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health. And it became obvious to us that there were a lot of different so-called warning symbols in the various laboratories that we visited, but there was no standardization. We saw a need for this kind of a symbol and proceeded to develop some symbols with the help of the Dow marketing people — the package-design department, I think it was called. The only parameters that I set down for them to noodle through were, it had to be unique and something that would be striking enough that it would be remembered. We wanted something that was memorable but meaningless, so we could educate people as to what it means.
”We tested the sample symbols across the country — the marketing department had survey groups to test different labels for Dow products. There were half a dozen of our original symbols in this survey of 24 different symbols. The rest were recognizable, like the peanut man for Planter’s peanuts, the Texaco star, the Shell Oil symbol, the Red Cross and the swastika. They were asked to look at them and then asked to guess at what each one meant. The biohazard symbol got the fewest guesses. Then we went back one week later to the same set of people and the same set of symbols, plus 36 more common ones, and asked them which of these did they remember the best. And they picked out the biohazard symbol.
”The color was blaze orange, one of the colors chosen in Arctic exploration as being the most visible under the most conditions. It was three-sided because if it were on a box containing biohazardous material and the box was moved around, transported, it might wind up in different positions. Another thing — we needed something that was easily stenciled.
”The next major step was presenting it to the scientific community. I did that by writing a paper in the journal Science. The next was to get the authorization from the various people that would be using it. As soon as it was adopted by the Centers for Disease Control, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the National Institutes of Health, that’s pretty good acceptance. And that was it.
”Every time I go into the doctor’s office or the dentist’s office or a hospital anywhere, I’ve always got my eye out for it. Naturally, I’m proud of the fact that I was able to come up with something, or direct a program that evolved into this symbol that’s so widely recognized, so helpful. But I ran into a peculiar situation one time a couple years ago when someone was putting on a seminar on biohazards. As gifts for the participants, he devised a beautiful tie with little biohazard symbols all over it. This got me upset, and I sent him kind of a nasty letter saying this symbol was not designed to be used sartorially.”
by NY Times
Reference: A biological hazard or biohazard is an organism, or substance derived from an organism, that poses a threat to (primarily) human health. This can include medical waste, samples of a microorganism, virus or toxin (from a biological source) that can impact human health. It can also include substances harmful to animals. The term and its associated symbol is generally used as a warning, so that those potentially exposed to the substances will know to take precautions. There is also a biohazard HCS/WHMIS logo which utilizes the same symbol.
Jan 24 - 27 MC 76e Rallye Automobile Monte-Carlo
Feb 08 - 10 S UDDEHOLM Swedish Rally
Feb 29 - Mar 02 MEX Corona Rally Mexico
Mar 28 - 30 RA Rally Argentina
Apr 24 - 27 HKJ Jordan Rally WRC
May 16 - 18 I Rallye d'Italia-Sardegna
May 29 - Jun 01 GR BP Ultimate Acropolis Rally
Jun 13 - 15 TR Rally of Turkey
Jul 31 - Aug 03 FIN Neste Oil Rally Finland
Aug 15 - 17 D ADAC Rallye Deutschland
Aug 28 - 31 NZ Rally of New Zealand
Oct 02 - 05 E Rallye de Espana
Oct 10 - 12 F Rallye de France Tour de Corse
Oct 24 - 26 J Rally Japan
Nov 28 - 30 GB Wales Rally GB
by FIA
Reference: The World Rally Championship (WRC) is a rallying series organised by the FIA, culminating with a champion driver and manufacturer. The driver’s championship and manufacturer’s championship are separate championships, but based on the same point system. This means, for example, that Petter Solberg driving for Subaru can win the driver’s championship but Citroen can win the manufacturer’s championship, which is what happened in 2003, and twice more in 2006 and 2007 when Sebastien Loeb took his third and fourth WRC titles but Ford won the manufacturer’s championship. The competition first received the designation of WRC in 1973. The sport’s commercial rights are administered by International Sportsworld Communicators.
Roger Federer finds a way to chalk out victory
SWISS ace Roger Federer was last night pushed to the brink of the biggest upset in his dominant reign, forced into a pulsating five-set epic against Serbian Janko Tipsarevic.
Federer outlasted the gritty Serb 10-8 in the deciding set but the lack-lustre performance has cast doubts on his campaign for a third consecutive Australian Open title.
Tipsarevic was on the verge of turning giant-killer deep into a marathon 78-minute decider after snaring the first and third sets.
Then finally, Federer broke his opponent’s nerve in a 4hr 27min thriller to win 6-7 (5-7), 7-6 (7-1), 5-7, 6-1, 10-8.
A pair of netted forehands in Tipsarevic’s ninth service game gave Federer the crucial break, and he nervelessly served out to win through to the fourth round.
Tipsarevic has notched only one win over a top-10 player and was better known for his tattoo-covered body, distinctive wrap-around glasses and love of Nietzsche and Dostoevsky.
But in a stunning five-set contest, he threw aside that reputation in a punishing street-fight with the game’s foremost artist.
“What a great battle. Clearly somebody has to win, but I wish we could have draws as well,” Federer said after the win.
“It’s not such a relief, it’s more happiness. I am happy I could deliver a five-set thriller. I don’t have them often, except at Wimbledon against (Rafael) Nadal, so it’s nice to be part of something like this.
“I had to really serve well and, in the end, I tried to block out the chances I missed, because I missed a lot of chances in the first three sets. But he played terrific tennis and played me really well, and it’s a pity for him, but what a great victory for me anyway.”
Federer has made 10 consecutive grand slam finals, and had not dropped a set in this tournament since the fourth round of the 2005 Australian Open.
But on last night’s form, it will take a major reversal if Federer is to win the Australian Open next Sunday.
While he found the fortitude to win from two sets to one down, his play was a litany of missed chances, unforced errors and uncharacteristic poor decision-making.
He could convert only five of 21 break-points and broke through the half century of unforced errors midway through the fourth set.
Tipsarevic said he was proud to have pushed Federer to the limit.
“I went on court with the idea I would win. I was close. I lost because he was better in the important moments of the match,” he said.
“You have to believe you are going to beat Roger Federer, as stupid as it might sound. If you go out there thinking I will play a good match, make him sweat for his money, it doesn’t work.
“(Fellow Serb Novak Djokovic) gave me some tips and I used them properly. It could have gone my way.”
Remarkably, broadcast host Channel 7 ignored Federer’s clash to feature media darling Ana Ivanovic’s straight-sets win when it started mid-afternoon.
Then after showing its news and an episode of English soap Heartbeat, it picked the clash up on a substantial delay.
What started out as a curiosity — could Tipsarevic win more than the handful of games Federer had given his previous pair of opponents? — quickly turned into a pitched battle.
Instead of wilting as Federer turned the pressure on, the 49th-ranked player looked increasingly at home on centre court.
With Federer serving to keep the first set tie-break alive, Tipsarevic seized on a key mistake with telling effect.
Down a set point, Federer swarmed into the net but chose to let go a forehand crosscourt and it landed on the back left corner, giving Tipsarevic the set.
It set the agenda for what would be no easy walkover but a dogged battle for every point, and every service game.
Tipsarevic saved five break points early in the second set to stay on serve, as Federer dumped forehands, battled failed Hawk-Eye challenges, and grew more flustered and frustrated.
Only in the second-set tie-breaker did he retain his composure, reeling off seven of the eight points to level the contest.
At 5-4 in the third set he had two set points but, incredibly, Tipsarevic broke him two games later and held to take the third set.
Finally when down two sets to one, he began to find his rhythm when he desperately needed it.
Federer’s Australian Open campaign is alive, but only just.
by News.com.au
Reference: Roger Federer is a Swiss tennis professional, ranked World No. 1 since February 2, 2004, for a record 208 consecutive weeks.He is widely regarded as the best player of his generation and among the elite group of all-time great male tennis players. In 2007, he was named Laureus World Sportsman of the Year for a record third consecutive time.
Federer has won twelve Grand Slam singles titles (three Australian Open, five Wimbledon, four US Open), four Tennis Masters Cup titles, and fourteen ATP Masters Series titles. He has made and surpassed numerous records over the years, including winning three Grand Slam singles titles in a calendar year three times (in 2004, 2006, and 2007)
Music Industry Got An Injunction Against Rapidshare in 2007, Site Not Shut Down
In March 2007, a court ruled that Rapidshare could be held responsible for copyright violations committed by users who uploaded copyrighted material to their servers. Now, rumors are circulating that Rapidshare has been shutdown - this does not seem to be the case.
Rapidshare is one of the world’s largest file-hosting sites, with a claimed data storage capability in excess of 4 petabytes and offering at least 110 gigabits of bandwidth.
Almost exactly 1 year ago, P2PBlog reported that the German rights organization GEMA had gained a preliminary injunction against Rapidshare which ordered the company to stop hosting and distributing titles which GEMA represent.
Rapidshare made an appeal - but lost. The court decided that Rapidshare should be forced to monitor all uploads which infringed on GEMA’s copyright - a feat which the company said was impossible.
At the time, GEMA boss Dr. Harald Heker said that the Court’s decision shows that it’s not down to the rights holders to police commercial outfits such as Rapidshare for their copyright works. He went on to say that he felt that the decision would send a major signal to all file-hosting sites where copyright works are used to generate revenue for themselves.
Then in April 2007 it was reported that Rapidshare was fighting back, suing GEMA in response - with the aim of clarifying the legal position for file-hosting sites.
Now, rumors circulating on the web indicate that Rapidshare was shut down. Quite a few sites reported the news but this situation does not appear to be true. Rapidshare’s Wiki page is now closed due to vandalism which is believed to have carried erroneous information which contributed to the confusion.
According to a report, a Rapidshare technician said: “There are rumors concerning attacks made on the Rapidshare.com servers. There are also rumors that Rapidshare has been shut down by a court order. These rumors are false. We would like to apologize to our users and inform them that no data has been lost. There have been some hardware issues as a result of high bandwidth and server overload. We are doing our very best to resolve the hardware issues, and users should expect uptime by midnight tonight (GMT)”
There is no doubt that Rapidshare stores millions of files - including lots of music. The operators of Rapidshare claim they have no idea what material they store on their servers and are in no postion (much like a regular ISP) to monitor or police the content. The users upload the content, they say, and as such, it’s out of their control.
However, the injunctions issued by the District Court in Cologne indicate that Rapidshare’s liability for such infringements still exist as they were carried out during the course of Rapidshare’s business. GEMA head, Harald Heker said at the time: “The mere circumstance of shifting acts of use to users and the purported inability of the operator to control content do not relieve the operator of a service from the copyright liability he/she/it possesses for the content made available for download from the operator’s website(s).”
In the meantime, Rapidshare.com and Rapidshare.de continue to operate.
by Torrentfreak
RapidShare is a German owned one-click hosting pay- and free-service (with limitations) website that operates from Switzerland and is financed by the subscriptions of paying users. RapidShare has two different websites, but both sites claim to be entirely different organizations and entities. The original site is RapidShare.de, which uses the German top-level domain “.de”.
On October 19, 2006, RapidShare announced that “Unfortunately all drives of RapidShare.de are full right now”. A new website, RapidShare.com was set up in an attempt to transfer usage from RapidShare.de to RapidShare.com.[citation needed] When the new Rapidshare.com was launched, holders of “Premium” accounts at the time on RapidShare.de were able to use both the RapidShare.de and RapidShare.com, until their account expired. It is not possible, however, to use a RapidShare.com account on the German site.
THE 2007 DARWIN AWARD WINNERS WERE SELECTED FROM 17 NOMINEES:
What Goes Up Must Come Down (8976 votes) 80%
The Enema Within (4252 votes) 80%
Support Group (3728 votes) 78%
Weight Lift (2191 votes) 78%
Stop. Look. Listen. (1763 votes) 77%
Beer for Bears (2225 votes) 76%
Mole Hunt (5366 votes) 75%
A Prop-er Job (4431 votes) 74%
Oil Tank Trampoline (5737 votes) 74%
Cow-ard (38 votes) 72%
Barn Demolition (3336 votes) 71%
Superior Momentum (2112 votes) 71%
Elephants Press Back (1249 votes) 71%
Electronic Fireworks (3620 votes) 70%
Fatal a-Traction (52 votes) 68%
The Laptop Still Works! (1172 votes) 57%
Fatal Foaming Action (1443 votes) 49%
RUNNER UP # 5:
THE LAPTOP STILL WORKS (Confirmed True by Darwin)
“Driving is not a time to be practicing your multitasking skills,” remarked CHP spokesman Tom Marshall, commenting on a 29-year-old computer tutor’s decision to drive along Highway 99 in California while working on his laptop. He drifted over the center line, and was killed by oncoming traffic. CHP officers found Oscar’s computer still running, plugged into the Honda Accord’s cigarette lighter.
RUNNER UP # 4:
SUPERIOR MOMENTUM (Confirmed True by Darwin)
June 2007, Illinois | Two Valparaiso men tested their reflexes by playing “chicken” with a train. Which man could stay on the rail the longest in the path of an oncoming train? At the stroke of midnight, the contest was decided. The winner, aptly named Patrick Stiff, lost his life. The train continued on, as the conductor was unaware that it had hit anyone.
RUNNER UP # 3:
BARN DEMOLITION (Unconfirmed by Darwin)
January 2007, West Virginia) Three friends set out to dismantle a dilapidated barn one bracing winter afternoon. Speaking of bracing… One industrious man fired up his chainsaw and ripped through a crucial support post. Carrying the weight of a full barn roof, those wooden support beams were all that stood between the demolition worker and structural collapse. It was all fun and games until the roof, sans support, succumbed to the pull of gravity and flattened the man with the chainsaw. As a consolation prize, the deceased was indeed successful at demolishing the barn.
RUNNER UP # 2:
MOLE HUNT (Confirmed True by Darwin)
January 2007, East Germany | One man’s extraordinary effort to eradicate a mole from his property resulted in a victory for the mole. The metal rods he pounded into the ground and connected to a high-voltage power line, electrified the very ground the man stood upon. He was found dead at his holiday property on the Baltic Sea. Police had to trip the main circuit breaker before venturing onto the property.
RUNNER UP # 1:
WHAT GOES UP MUST COME DOWN (Confirmed Double Darwin Award)
June 2007, South Carolina | A passing cabbie found a 21 year-old deceased couple laying naked in the road an hour before sunrise. Authorities were baffled. There were no witnesses, no trace of clothing, and no wrecked vehicles present. But investigators eventually found a clue high on the roof of a nearby building: two sets of neatly folded clothes. Safe sex takes on a whole new meaning when you are perched on the edge of a pyramid-shaped metal roof. “It appears as if [they] accidentally fell off the roof,” Sgt. McCants said.
AND THE 2007 DARWIN AWARD WINNER IS…
THE ENEMA WITHIN (Confirmed True by Darwin)
May 2004, Texas | Michael was an alcoholic. And not an ordinary alcoholic, but an alcoholic who liked to take his liquor… well, rectally. His wife said he was “addicted to enemas” and often used alcohol in this manner. The result was the same: inebriation. And tonight, Michael was in for one hell of a party.
Two 1.5 litre bottles of sherry, more than 100 fluid ounces, right up the old address!
When the rest of us have had enough, we either stop drinking or pass out. When Michael had had enough (and subsequently passed out) the alcohol remaining in his rectal cavity continued to be absorbed. The next morning, Michael was dead.
The 58-year-old did a pretty good job of embalming himself. Toxicology reports measured his blood alcohol level as 0.47%.
In order to qualify for a Darwin Award, a person must remove himself from the gene pool via an “astounding misapplication of judgment.” Three litres of sherry up the butt can only be described as astounding. Unsurprisingly, his neighbors said they were surprised to learn of the incident.
by DarwinAwards
Reference: A Darwin Award is a tongue-in-cheek honor named after evolutionary theorist Charles Darwin. “Awards” have been given for people who “do a service to Humanity by removing themselves from the Gene pool”, i.e., lose the ability to reproduce. It is for people who kill, or in rare cases, sterilize themselves accidentally by attempting to do stupid feats. As described in the Darwin Award books: The Awards honour people who ensure the long-term survival of the human race by removing themselves from the gene pool in a sublimely idiotic fashion. While an attempt is made to disallow urban legends from the awards, some older winners have been ‘grandfathered’ to keep their awards. The Awards have circulated since 1985 as emails and Usenet group discussions; the Google Usenet archive records two early mentions of Darwin Awards, 7 August 1985 Vending Machine Tipover and the 7 December 1990 JATO Rocket Car urban legend. The JATO legend was widely distributed via emails from 1995–97. Several anonymously authored email lists titled (for example) 1999 Darwin Awards have appeared annually since 1991.There are several websites that record “Darwin Awards” — a well-known one started in 1994 is darwinawards.com run by Wendy Northcutt, who has also written several books on the Darwin Awards.
